View site #952 > ScoreCard for survey #1 > Issue
Introduction | Identification | Impacts | Causes | Actions | More Info
More Information
Publication
| Cesar, H., Burke, L. and Pet-Soede, L. 2003. The Economics of Worldwide Coral Reef Degradation. |
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| Clark, J.R. 1996. Tourism, Part 3.99 in: Coastal Zone Management Handbook. Lewis Publishers: Boca Raton, Florida. |
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| Cooperative Research Centre (CRC Reef). 1995. Diver impacts to the reef. |
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| Green, E. and Donnelly, R. 2003. Recreational scuba diving in Caribbean marine protected areas: do the users pay? Ambio. 32(2): 140-144. |
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| Halpenny, E. 2002. Marine Ecotourism: Impacts, International Guidelines and Best Practice Case Studies. The International Ecotourism Society. Burlington, VT. |
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| Hodgson, G. 1999. A global assessment of human effects on coral reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 38(5): 345-355. |
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| Island Resources Foundation. 1996. Best management practices for Caribbean coastal tourism. Draft, IRF, USVI. Report to RCU/CEP/UNEP. |
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| Kenchington, R. 1991. Tourism development in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park ” Ocean & Shoreline Management. 15: 57-78. |
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| Richardson, D. 2003. Coral reefs and the recreational dive industry: stewardship, education and awareness. PADI Worldwide. Presented to the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, February 26, 2003. |
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| Salm, R.V., Clark, J.R. and E. Siirila. 2000. Marine and Coastal Protected Areas: A Guide for Planners and Managers, third edition. IUCN: Gland, Switzerland. |
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| Skeat, H. 2003. Sustainable tourism in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. |
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| Sullivan, K. et al. 1995. Environmental Guidelines for Coastal Tourism Development in Sri Lanka. Coastal Resources Mgmt Project of the University of RI and the Coast Conservation Dept, Sri Lanka. |
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| Tilmant, J.T. 1987. Impacts of recreational activities on coral reefs. In: Human Impacts on Coral Reefs: Facts and Recommendations. B. Salvat, ed. Antenne Museum E.P.H.E., French Polynesia. |
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| Twynam, D. et al. 1998. Ecotourism and Sustainable Tourism Guidelines: An Annotated Bibliography. |
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| Huttche, C.M., White, A.T. and M.M.M. Flores. 2002. Sustainable Coastal Tourism Handbook for the Philippines. Coastal Resource Management Project of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the Department of Tourism. Cebu City, Philippines. 144p. |
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| Van’t Hof, T. 2001. Tourism Impacts on Coral Reefs: Increasing Awareness in the Tourism Sector. UNEP, Tour Operators Initiative for Sustainable Tourism Development. |
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Organizations & Weblinks
| Coral Reef Alliance. |
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| Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. |
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| Komodo National Park |
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| Project AWARE. |
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| Protect the Living Reef/Project AWARE |
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| Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority “Best environmental practices.” |
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| NOAA’s Coral Reef Information System (CORIS). |
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Success Stories
| ICRI. Chumbe Island Coral Park (Tanzania). Available under “Good practices for the protection and management of coral reefs” |
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| ICRI. Support of conservation through tourism in Bonaire Marine Park (BMP, Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles). Available under “Good practices for the protection and management of coral reefs” |
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| ICRI. Soufriere Marine Management Area (St. Lucia, West Indies). Available under “Good practices for the protection and management of coral reefs” |
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| Coastal Resources Center. 2001. Fact sheet. Mooring buoy training, Mombasa, Kenya. Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA. |
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Photo Gallery
| ReefBase. Mooring buoy used to protect coral from anchor damage. |
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| ReefBase. Boat mooring buoy at Klein Bonaire Marine Park Center. |
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| ReefBase. Reef walking causes considerable damage to corals. |
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| ReefBase. Dive boats line the shore of Giffun Island. |
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| ReefBase. Sitting on reefs causes considerable damage to corals and other organisms. |
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| ReefBase. Kayakas - overturning corals to drive fish. |
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| ReefBase. Sewage run-off from resorts degrades the surrounding ecosystem. |
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| ReefBase. Etchings made by divers on coral heads can lead to disease ultimately killing the coral. |
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| ReefBase. Standing or resting on corals damages the organism. |
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| ReefBase. The titan trigger is the largest of the triggerfishes reaching 75cm. They are known to bite divers who venture close to their nests. |
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